Taking Control: Understanding and Preventing Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer, the third most common cancer in both men and women, is expected to be diagnosed in over 153,000 adults in the United States this year alone. It's the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. But there's a silver lining - early detection of colorectal cancer can lead to full recoveries.

Consider the case of 'Sarah,' a patient at VHC Health. Sarah, although without symptoms, decided to get screened for colorectal cancer when she turned 45, as recommended by her primary care physician. Through her colonoscopy, her VHC gastroenterologist discovered and removed pre-cancerous polyps, preventing them from developing into cancer. While not all polyps will progress to cancer, research shows that early prevention, such as removing polyps via colonoscopy, can decrease the risk of colorectal cancer progression. Sarah's story underscores the importance of early screening in saving lives.

Why Screen For Colorectal Cancer If I Feel Fine?

• Pre-cancerous polyps are often silent: Catching and removing these polyps early can prevent them from turning into cancer.
• Early-stage colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms: Detecting it early enhances your chances of a cure and long-term survival.
• More treatment options are available in the early stages: An early diagnosis opens the door to a wider range of effective treatments.

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer?

• Symptoms can be silent. By the time a patient develops symptoms, it may already be at an advanced stage. Physicians recommend screening for individuals 45 years or older unless other risk factors are present
• Common symptoms may include:
  • Changes in bowel habits – constipation, narrow or thin stool caliber, blood in the stool or when wiping
  • Abdominal discomfort
  • Excessive fatigue or weakness
  • Unintentional weight loss

When Should I Start Screening?

Evidence-based guidelines recommend screenings for all average-risk adults beginning at age 45. However, earlier screening is advised for individuals:

• With a family history of colorectal cancer
• With high-risk polyps
• With other genetic cancer syndromes

In fact, routine screening could potentially prevent one-third of cancer-related deaths. VHC Health offers a number of colorectal cancer screening options.

How Can I Lower My Risk of Developing Colorectal Cancer?

• Undergo regular screening: Get an age-appropriate colonoscopy or other approved test.
• Limit alcohol and quit smoking: Both alcohol and tobacco can increase your risk.
• Maintain a healthy weight: This helps lower your risk of various cancers, including colorectal cancer.
• Eat a balanced diet: Avoid processed and ultra-processed foods and opt for a high-fiber diet, including fruits, vegetables, oats, and grains. Women should aim for 21 to 25 grams of fiber per day, and men for 30 to 38 grams per day.
• Stay active: Regular moderate-intensity workouts 2-3 times a week can significantly decrease your risk.